Rotary tool



Feb. 1*, 193s. J DE MOOY 2,107,108

, ROT'ARY TOOL Filed Jan. 22, 195e l' I ./a//N of Moor INVENTOR Eg] Mgt/CM" ATTORNEY Patented Feb. 1, 1938 Y PATENT oFFlcE 2,107,108 ROTARY 'rooL John De Mooy, Shaker Heights, Ohio, assignor to The Cleveland Pneumatic Tool Company, Cleveland, Ohio, a corporation ofOho Application January 22, 1936, Serial No. 60,303

-f 17 claims. (C1. :i1- 54) This invention relates broadly to rotary tools, but more particularly to impact tools of the rotary type.

' One object of this invention is to produce a rotary tool with means operable for delivering a rapid succession of rotary impacts to assist the tool in imparting torsional forces to the work engaged thereby.

Another object of this invention isqto produce a tool equipped with means operable for imparting rotary motion to the work as well as subjecting the same to a rapid succession of impacts, increasing thereby the torsional force of the tool. Another vobject of this invention is to produce an improved rotary tool especially fitted for set ting or removing nuts, bolts or the like, and constituting a simple assembly which is strong, durable and eiiicient.

Other objects and advantages more or less ancillary to the foregoing and the manner in which the various objects are attained, reside in the specific construction and aggroupment of the elements peculiar to this structure, as will become apparent from a more complete examination of this specification, in the claims of which there are assembled certain specic combination of parts and specific constructions indicativeofthe scope and spiritl of the invention.

Fig. 1 is a longitudinal sectional' View of a rotary tool having the invention applied thereto.

' Fig. 2 represents the valvular mechanism shown in Fig. 1, with the valve member in a diflferent position.

Fig. 3 is a cross sectional view taken inea plane indicated by. line 3--3 in Fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is a cross sectional view taken in a plane indicated by line 4-4 in Fig. 1.

. Referring to the drawing in which like symbols designate corresponding parts throughout the several views, I0 represents the rotor housing of a motor, which has secured to ,the upper end thereof a handle II having the throttle valve (not shown) slidable thereinand operable by a trigger I2. The housing I0 is formed with a rotor chamber I3 having a'rotor I4 disposed therein in eccentric relation with the center axis thereof. This rotor may be of any suitable type, and for purpose of illustration it is shown .carrying blades I5 engageablewith the inner Wall of the rotor 50 chamber I3. Themotive fluid `is admitted into the rotor chamber I3through a main passage I6 and inlet 'ports' I1, for acting on the blades I5 and causing the-rotation'of the rotor I4, which is locked to a shaft I8 by a key I9. The shaft I 8 55 ,extends through the rotor and has' its upper end guided within a ball bearing 20, while the lower end is similarlyy guided within a ball bearing 2l, and protrudes from the latter to terminate in a toothed portion or pinion 22. 'I'his pinion engages the teeth of a gear 23 keyed on a secondary 5 shaft 24 which is located within an auxiliary housing 25 in parallel alignment with tlie shaft I8. The shaft 24 is also guided within ball bearings 26, and has its lower end threaded .to receive a bushing 21 for imparting rotation thereto. 10

Since the portion of the motor above described y does not form a part' of the present invention other than being combined with it, and could consequently'well be replaced by a rotary motor of any other suitable type, no further explanation 15' of the same is thought necessary.

Secured to the bushing 21 by any suitable means as a screw threaded connection 28,there i is the sleeve 29 of a disk 30, which disk is mounted in abutting engagement with the end wall of 0 the housing 25,A and has depending therefrom a casing 3'I rigidlyl aixed thereto by screws 32. The casing 3I is formed at its lower end with a lug 33 of rectangular. cross section and adapted to receive a work receiving member or socket 34 25 i secured thereto by a cross pin 35. The casing 3| is internally machined to'form a chamber 36 disposed coaxially with the shaft 24. This chamber, for a relatively short distance, is perfectly cylindrical to receive the front end portion of the disk 30, and a plate 31. Extending from the plate 31 to the bottom of the chamber 38, there is a tongue 38 leading from the internal wall ofthe chamber toward the longitudinal center axis of the latter and constituting an integral part of the casing 3|. Rotatably mounted within-.the chamber 36, there is .a segmental hammer 39 journaled on a shaft 40 which has its ends supported within the plate 31 and the bottom of the chamber 36,. This hammer is formed with a small partly cy- 40 lindrical portion 4I surrounding the shaft 40, and engaging the inner end of the tongue 38 in uid tight relation therewith. Diametrically opposed to the small portion 4I, the hammerv 39 is formed with an enlarged body portion defining an arcuated Wall 42 located in iiuid tight engagement with the inner wall of the chamber 36, and having radially disposed side. walls 43 and 44 capable of engagement thejcorresponding side walls of the tonguef;

Mounted within the sleeve 2! o2 the disk I0, there is a valvular mechanism comprising a valve cage 45 and valve cap 46 having aplate valve 41 reciprocably mounted between valve seats formed therein. The sleeve 28' of the disk 30 is formed 55 vwith'an annular groove 48 leading interiorly to an annular clearance 49 through ports 50. From the clearance 49 there ls a port 5I leading to the underside of the plate valve 41, from where another port 52, which is controlled by the plate valve 41, is leading into the chamber 36 adjacent the tongue 38. The upper side of the plate valve 41 is also in constant communication with the port 5I through a port 53.

Diametrically opposed to the port 52, there is another port 54 controlled by the upper side of the valve andl leading therefrom into the chamber 36 vwhere it;y opens near the other side of the tongue 38. 'I'he chamber 35 is capable of communication with the atmosphere through the Aexhaust ports 55 and 56. Leading from the main supply port I8 to the annular groove 48 there is an inlet port 51 formed within the wall of the housings I0 and 25.

In the operation of the tool, let it be assumed that by exerting pressure on the trigger I2, motive fluid is admitted into the main supply port I8 from where it will ilow, via the ports I1, into Y veying capacity of the port I8 is calculated to beA substantially equal to the motive uid consumption of the rotor, thus causing the major -portion of the motive fluid conveyed by the port I5 to iiow through the rotor and leaving a relatively.

small amount of motive fluid to be conveyed by the port 51. This small amount of motive fluid is admitted into the casing chamber 36 to cause the oscillation of the hammer 39 in the manner hereinafter described.

When the work or bolt 58 has been rotated .or driven home sufllciently to overcome the power of rotation of the rotor I4, the motive fluid conveyed through the port I5 will be prevented from flowing through the rotor, thus allowing motive uid under line pressure to be admitted into the annular groove 48via the port 51, In this instance, assuming that the valve 41 is positioned as shown in Fig. 1, motive uid from the annular groove 48 will ilow via the ports 5I), annular clearance 49 and port 5I into the chamber 35 through the port 52, where it will act on the side wall 44 of the hammer to drive the latter in a clockwise direction in Fig. 4, thus causing the side wall 43 to deliver a powerful blow to the tongue 38. During its rotation in a clockwise direction, the hammer 39 will uncover the exhaust port 58 through which motive fluid from the chamber 38 will exhaust to atmosphere, thus y causing a drop of pressure in the port 52 and under the valve 41. 'I'he latter having its upper face subjected to motive fluid supplied thereto by the port 53, willshift into the position shown in Fig. 2. In this instance motive uid will flow into the .chamber 38 through the port 54, where it will act on the side wall 43 of the hammer to impart rotary motion to the latter in a counterclockwise direction in Fig. 4. During this rotary movement in a counterclockwise direction, the hammer will uncover the exhaust port 55, thus causing a drop of pressure in chamber 36 and port 54, which drop of pressure together with the action of the motive fluid acting on the lower face of the valve 41, will cause the latter to shift into the position shown in Fig. 1. In this last position motive fluid is again admitted into the chamber 36 in the manner previously described. Referring to Fig. 4, it Will be observed that the exhaust port 55 is located closer to the tongue 38 than the port 56, thus causing the valve 41 to shift for admitting motive uid into the chamber 35 to act on the side wall 44 of the piston in a manner preventing the latter from coming in contact with the tongue 38. The motive fluid readmitted into the chamber 36 through the port 52 -will again drive the piston in a clockwise direction to .deliver an impact to the tongue 38.

From the foregoing description, it will be understood that when the torque resistance of the work is such that it will prevent the rotation of the tool, the operation of the hammer 39 is automatically started to deliver a rapid succession of. blows to the tongue 38, and since the latter is an integral part of the casing 3|, the blows will be transmitted to the casing and therefrom to the socket 34, thus forcibly driving or tightening the bolt 58. It will also be understood' that during this hammering action, the work or bolt 58 is constantly subjected to a torsional force due to the uninterrupted action of the m'otive fluid on the blades I 5 of the rotor I4, which action will tend to rotate the latter, thus constantly maintaining the socket 34 in operative engagement with the work irrespective of the oscillatory movement of the hammer 39.

Although the foregoing description is necessarily of a detailed character, in order to com-` pletely set forth the invention, it is to be understood that the specific terminology is not in- A tended to be restrictive or'conilning and it is to be furtherunderstood that various rearrangements of parts and modification of structural detail may be resorted to without departing from the scope or spirit ofthe invention as herein claimed.

vmember for delivering a succession of blows thereto co-operating with the torsional force aforesaid for rotatably driving said member.

2. In a tool of the character described, the combination of a work engaging member, a motor connected to said member for imparting a substantiallyconstant torsional force thereto, and power actuated means for subjecting said member to an intermittent torsional force additional to that imparted thereto by said motor.

3. In a tool of the character described, the combination of a work engaging casing, a'rotary motor connected tc` said casing for constantly imparting a torsional force thereto, and afluid actuated rotatable hammer within said casing operable for delivering rotative impacts to said casing additional to the torsional force to which it is subjected.

4. In a tool of the character described, a rotatable element constantly subjected to a substantially uniform torsional force, and means operable for subjecting said element to an intermittent torsional force additional to that aforesaid.

5. In a tool of the characterdescribed, a rotatable member constantly havlng enerlry imparted 'means including passages for admitting motive vthereto at a substantially uniform rate, and

means operable for imparting to said element an intermittent energy additional to that aforesaid.

6. In a tool of the character described, the combination of a work engaging member, power actuated means connected to said member for imparting a. constant torsional force thereto, and power driven means for subjecting said member to an intermittent `torsional force additional to` that aforesaid.

7. In a toolof the character described, the combination of a work engaging member, a motor normally imparting rotation to said member, and a power actuated oscillatory hammer associated with said member for delivering a succession of rotative impacts thereto, the operation of said hammer depending upon a predetermined torque resistance to which said member is subjected.

8. In a tool of the character described, the combination of a rotatable work engaging member, a power actuated oscillatory hammer associated with said member for delivering a succession of rotative impacts thereto, and means including a motor drivingly connected with said member for imparting a torsional force thereto tending to rotate the same during the delivery of the impacts by said hammer.

9. In a tool of the character described, the combination of a rotatable member, a fluid actuated motor connected to. Saidmember for normally imparting continuous rotation thereto, a uid actuated hammer associated with said member for imparting rotative blows thereto, passages for admitting motive iiuid to said hammer, and valve means for controlling the inlet ow of the motive fluid throughsaid passages for actuating said hammer.

10. In a tool of the character described, the combination of a rotatable member, a uid actuated motor connected to said member for imparting a constant torsional force thereto, a fluid actuated hammer associated with said member for subjecting it to intermittent torsional forces additional to that aforesaid, passages for admitting motive uid to said hammer, and valve means `,for controlling the inlet flow of the motive iluid through said passages for actuating said hammer.

11. In a. tool of the character described, the

Y combination of a rotatable work engaging member, a duality of driving units'associated with said member for concurrently subjecting said member to constant and intermittent torsional forces imparting rotary movement to the member, and

iiuid to said units for actuating the same.

V12. In a tool of the character described, the combination of a rotatable work engaging member, a duality of motor units associated with said member for imparting a rotary movement thereto, one of said units being connected to the member for constantly imparting a torsional force thereto and the other unit being engageable with the member for delivering impacts thereto when said member is subjected to the torsional force aforesaid, and means including passages for admitting motive fluid to said units for actuating the same.

13. In a' tool of the character described, the combination of a rotatable work engaging member, a rotary motor associated with said member for constantly imparting a torsional force thereto, a percussive motor capable of delivering blows to said member co-operating with the torsional force aforesaid for effecting a step by step rotary motion of the member, and means for automatically effecting the concurrent operation of said motors.

14. In a tool of the character described, the combination of a work engaging member, a rotatable motor normally imparting rotation to said member, a power actuated hammer associated with said member for automatically delivering a succession of rotative impacts thereto, and means including a power conveyer between said `motor and hammer for eiecting the operation of said hammer upon the stalling of said motor resulting from an increase of the torque resistance of said member.

l 15. In a tool of the character described, the combination of a Work engaging member, a huid actuated rotatable motor normally imparting rotation to said member, a uid actuated hammer capable of delivering a succession of rotative impacts to said member, vand means including a fluid conveying passage between said motor and `hammer for automatically actuating said hammer upon the stalling of said motor due to an increase of the torque resistance of said member.

16. In a tool of the character described, a rotatable element having constant and intermittent rotative energies transmitted thereto, and means including at least one motor operatively assor ciated with said element for transmitting said energies thereto.

17. In a tool of the character described, a work engaging element, and power actuated means for said element imparting constant and intermittent rotative forces thereto.

` JOHN' DE MOOY. 

